[6], Hickok was a good shot from a young age, and was recognized locally as an outstanding marksman with a pistol. 2, serial number 29963, a .32 rimfire with a six-inch barrel, blued finish, and varnished rosewood grips. The cards Hickok had been holding when he was shot and killeda pair of black aces and a pair of black eights plus an unknown fifth cardbecame known as the Dead Mans Hand.. The town of Deadwood, South Dakota, re-enacts Hickok's murder and McCall's capture every summer evening. [12], While in Nebraska, Hickok was derisively referred to by one man as "Duck Bill" for his long nose and protruding lips. McCall alleged that John Varnes, a Deadwood gambler, had paid him to murder Wild Bill. The event haunted Hickok for the rest of his life. Not having the courage to do it himself, he one day filled about 200 cowboys with whiskey intending to get them into trouble with Wild Bill, hoping that they would get to shooting and in the melee shoot the marshal. August marks of the deaths of two of the Wild West's most famous figures: Wild Bill Hickok and Calamity Jane. 3. I suggest you read Calamity Jane: The Woman and the Legend by James D. McLaird. In 1876, Wild Bill Hickok was suffering from glaucoma. He is chiefly portrayed as a protagonist, although historical accounts of his actions are often controversial, and much of his career is known to have been exaggerated both by himself and by contemporary mythmakers. [28] Strawhun "made remarks against Hickok", and Hickok killed him with a shot through the head. Citizens of the town complained to Hickok, who requested that Thompson and Coe remove the image. "[49], Hickok and Phil Coe, a saloon owner and acquaintance of Hardin's, had a dispute that resulted in a shootout. Hickok moved west in 1855 to farm and joined General James Lane's Free State. The episode correctly relates Hickok's vision problems late in his life, and also includes his murderer, Jack McCall, in a highly fictionalized role. Last, there is Jessiethe most credible of Calamity Janes daughters. A legend during his life and considered one of the American west's premier gunfighters James Butler (Wild Bill) Hickok was born May 27, 1837, in Troy . Nicholss version of the shootout in Harpers grabbed the publics attention, making Hickok an instant legend whose gunfighting prowess became fodder for dime novels. Lancaster, California. The "special election" may not have been legal, as a letter dated September 17 to the governor of Kansas noted that Hickok had presented a warrant for an arrest which was rejected by the Fort Hays commander, because, when asked to produce his commission, Hickok admitted that he had never received one. [72] As of 2020, the flag is no longer flown. Wild Bill Hickok was an American folk hero. Hickoks family emigrated from England in 1635 to Massachusetts, where his great-grandfather responded to the British march on Lexington and Concord at the beginning of the American Revolution. Still, feeling he had escaped punishment, McCall began to brag to anyone that would listen that he had killed Wild Bill Hickok. Zimmerman said that despite their closeness in age, he and Jessie didnt say much to each other. In December, the Rawlins Republican reported that Jane visited town with a little girl she had stolen. The child was no doubt Jessie, who was next seen with her mother in Ekalaka, Montana in 1894 by at least two people. By the age of 17, he was an excellent marksman. The hand of cards which he supposedly held at the time of his death has become known as the dead man's hand: two pairs; black aces and eights. He died in 1887. Wild Bill Hickok begins to establish his reputation as a gunfighter after he shoots three men during a shootout in Nebraska. A monument has been built there. Three years after Jack McCall shot Hickok in the back as he was playing cards in Deadwood, South Dakota, an 1879 story in the Cheyenne, Wyoming, Daily Leader noted that the pistols were made expressly . Hickok was born and raised on a farm in northern Illinois at a time when lawlessness and vigilante activity were rampant because of the influence of the "Banditti of the Prairie". He claimed he was avenging Hickok's earlier slaying of his brother, which may have been true; a man named Lew McCall had indeed been killed by an unknown lawman in Abilene, Kansas, but whether or not the two McCall men were related is unknown. August 18, 1876, image 3", "Jack McCall Cowardly Killer of Wild Bill Hickok", "American Wonder Wild Bill Hickok Shot and Killed from Behind on This Day in History", Bozeman Avant Courier, December 22, 1876, image 1, testimony of George M. Shingle, "Riverboat captain 'carried' bullet that killed Hickok", "Jack McCall and the Murder of Wild Bill Hickok", "Wild Bill Hickok: Pistoleer, Peace Officer and Folk Hero", Photograph of Wild Bill Hickok's Colt Model 1851 Navys, "Wild Bill Hickok's Smith & Wesson No. Hardin was a well-known gunfighter, and is known to have killed more than 27 men. On March 5, 1876, he married Agnes Thatcher Lake, an owner of a circus in Cheyenne, Wyoming territory. He was one of the early heroes of the West popularized in the dime novels of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Hickok waved his hand past Mulvey at some onlookers and yelled, "Don't shoot him in the back; he is drunk." He was the son of William Alonzo and Polly Butler Hickok (Fishwick). Did such wagons actually exist? On August 2, 1876, Wild Bill Hickok died a sudden, violent death while gambling in a saloon in Deadwood, South Dakota. [6] Since the event was outdoors, he could not compel people to pay, and the venture was a financial failure. In reality, Janes first verified child was born in November 1882 when she was living with rancher Frank King near Miles City, Montana. "Wild Bill. What happened to Wild Bill Hickok's pistols? Hickok lost his re-election bid to his deputy. This, in turn, was destroyed by souvenir hunters and replaced in 1902 by a life-sized sandstone sculpture of Hickok. Good bye, Colorado Charlie, C. H. Utter. The story continued that McCanles invaded the Wellmans cabin and prepared to shoot Hickok, who acted faster and shot McCanles in the chest. For more on American historysubscribe to All About History for as little as 26. [58] Jane confirmed this account in an 1896 newspaper interview, although she claimed she had been hospitalized with illness rather than in the guardhouse. awaiting execution. Lorenzo Butler Hickok spoke with McCall after the trial, and said McCall showed no remorse. Calamity Jane never married Wild Bill Hickok. [i][68], Jack McCall was hanged on March 1, 1877, and buried in a Roman Catholic cemetery. [23][b], After the Civil War broke out in April 1861, Hickok became a teamster for the Union Army in Sedalia, Missouri. Michelle Renes novel, Hour Glass, is a moving, revealing picture of the legendary Calamity Jane., A bar in Hays City, Kansas, on July 17, 1870. Hardin alleged that when his cousin, Mannen Clements, was jailed for the killing of two cowhands (Joe and Dolph Shadden) in July 1871, Hickokat Hardin's requestarranged for his escape. Hickok said he had "tried to restore order". [3][4] James was the fourth of six children. Duck Bill and Shanghai Bill She said she was the daughter of Jane and Wild Bill Hickok, and was born in a cabin near Livingston, Montana in 1873. This was the last time Hickok was ever involved in a gunfight; the accidental death of Deputy Williams was an event that haunted Hickok for the remainder of his life. [26]:329 Hickok did not enjoy acting, and often hid behind scenery. [28] Tutt's shot missed, but Hickok's struck Tutt through the heart from about 75 yards (69m) away. [69] In 1979, Hickok was inducted into the Poker Hall of Fame. In 1876 in Cheyenne, Wyoming Territory, Hickok married Agnes Lake Thatcher, a former circus performer. ", "James Butler Hickok May 27 1837 - August 2 1876 Better known as "Wild Bill" Hickok", "James Butler 'Wild Bill' Hickok, Early Deadwood", "Nebraska Legends: Rock Creek Station and the McCanles Massacre", "Chronology on Life of James Butler HICKOK, Wild Bill Hickok, Old West Kansas", "Rock Creek Station State Historical Park", "Legal Culture, Wild Bill Hickok and the Gunslinger Myth", "Myths and Realities of Frontier Violence: A Look at the Gunfighter Saga", "Frontier Hero - Reminiscences of Wild Bill Hickok by his old Friend Buffalo Bill", "The State Journal (Jefferson City, Mo. Two 7th Cavalry troopers jump, Most people have heard of Calamity Jane, once promoted as The Famous Woman Scout of. Alonzo and Polly Hickok moved to Illinois in 1833, finally settling in Troy Grove (known as Homer at the time), LaSalle County, along the banks of the Little Vermillion Creek. Some contemporaneous reports of his exploits are known to be fictitious, but they remain the basis of much of his fame and reputation. In 1857, Hickok claimed a 160-acre (65ha) tract in Johnson County, Kansas, near present-day Lenexa. Several times he was arrested for vagrancy. Hickok ran as an Independent; but lost to his deputy, Peter Lanihan, who ran as a Democrat. James Butler Hickok arrived in Springfield, Missouri . He worked as a technical writer on the Atlas, Minuteman, and Titan missile-launching systems, as well as Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. His work included identifying and counting the number of troops in uniform who were drinking while on duty, verifying hotel liquor licenses, and tracking down individuals who owed money to the cash-strapped Union Army. The new trial was held in Yankton, the capital of the Dakota Territory. While Hickok claimed to have killed numerous named and unnamed gunmen in his lifetime, his career as a gunfighter only lasted from 1861 to 1871. He was released from the group after a few months. He left his wife a few months later to seek his fortune in the goldfields of South Dakota. In June, Hickok mustered out and went to Springfield, where he gambled. At the time of the so-called McCanles Massacre, Hickok was known as Duck Bill because of his sweeping nose and protruding upper lip (covered with a mustache later in life). Wild Bill Hickok, byname of James Butler Hickok, (born May 27, 1837, Homer [now Troy Grove], Illinois, U.S.died August 2, 1876, Deadwood, Dakota Territory [now in South Dakota, U.S.]), American frontiersman, army scout, and lawman who helped bring order to the frontier West. Wild Bill Hickok was born on May 27, 1837 in Troy Grove, Illinois. Coe claimed that he was shooting at a stray dog,[g] and then suddenly turned his gun on Hickok, who fired first and killed Coe. "Wild Bill and the Timber Thieves. Best Known For: Wild Bill Hickok was an American frontiersman, army scout and lawman who helped bring order to the frontier West. Hickok died immediately. [citation needed] Although he was just 39, his marksmanship and health were apparently in decline, and he had been arrested several times for vagrancy,[53] despite earning a good income from gambling and displays of showmanship only a few years earlier. In the film version, Howard Keel co-stars as Hickok to Doris Day's Calamity Jane. The family did some moving around during this time period and the next child, James Butler Hickok, was born in May of 1837. . Later, after bragging of his murder of Hickok, McCall was retried in Laramie, Wyoming Territory, found guilty, and hanged on March 1, 1877. After his release, McCall had lingered in Deadwood for a short while before heading to Wyoming. Marshal. . The incident began when David McCanles, his brother William and several farmhands came to the station demanding payment for a property that had been bought from him. A young drifter named Jack McCall walked in and approached Hickok from behind. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Both parents were reputed to be unsavory, involved in petty crimes and often financially destitute. While in Deadwood, South Dakota, Wild Bill Hickok became a regular poker player at Nuttal & Mann's Saloon. ", This page was last edited on 27 February 2023, at 18:12. For the next several years, Hickok worked as a stagecoach driver. "[citation needed]. In 1859, he joined the Russell, Majors and Waddell freight company, the parent company of the Pony Express. He twice asked another man at the table, Charles Rich, to change seats with him, but Rich refused. [34]:34 The show featured six buffalo, a bear, and a monkey, and one show ended in disaster when a buffalo refused to act, prompting Hickok to fire a bullet into the sky. Infuriated, Thompson tried to incite John Wesley Hardin to kill Hickok by exclaiming to Hardin that "He's a damn Yankee. (If said child had actually existed, he or she was said to . The couple had a daughter, who also became an accomplished performer and horseback rider. [c] However, if they felt the threat of danger was real and imminent, he instructed they could apply the unwritten law of the "fair fight" and acquit. Fox met Jessie when she interviewed Jane for an article in Illustrated American magazine. "Dead man's hand" was an established poker. and that Deft. During this period Hickok prevented a man from beating an 11-year-old boy, who grew up to become Buffalo Bill Cody, Hickoks longtime friend. "Wild Bill's Sweetheart: The Life of Mary Jane Owens. Hickok is known to have fatally shot six men and is suspected of having killed a seventh (McCanles). The Bull's Head Saloon in Abilene had been established by gambler Ben Thompson and Coe, his partner, businessman, and fellow gambler. I heard him speak recently, and his is the definitive work on this wild woman of the West. According to the Harpers account, Hickok, while guiding a detachment of Union cavalry through southern Nebraska, decided to stop and visit an old friend, Wellmans wife, at Rock Creek Station. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. The bullet emerged through his right cheek and struck another player, riverboat Captain William Massie, in the left wrist. Standing some 50 yards away from his subject, Hickok "without sighting his pistol and with his eye" rang off six shots, each of them hitting the direct center of the letter. McCanles reportedly threatened Wellman, and either Wellman or Hickok, who was hiding behind a curtain, killed McCanles. Jean McCormick was the daughter of Jane "Calamity Jane" Cannary and James Butler "Wild Bill" Hickok. In 1941, Jean Hickok McCormick appeared in Billings, Montana. [46]:4558[48] A newspaper reported, "A man was killed in his bed at a hotel in Abilene, Monday night, by a desperado called 'Arkansas'. Hickok left his new bride a few months later, joining Charlie Utter's wagon train to seek his fortune in the gold fields of South Dakota. Wild Bill Hickok is remembered for his services in Kansas as sheriff of Hays City and marshal of Abilene, where his ironhanded rule helped to tame two of the most lawless towns on the frontier. [81], Hickok's birthplace is now the Wild Bill Hickok Memorial and is a listed historic site under the supervision of the Illinois Historic Preservation Agency. In one show, he shot the spotlight when it focused on him. What do you know about Pete Spence, a member of the Cowboys of Tombstone? It ends with Hickok surviving the murder attempt due to wearing body armor and being shot in the back, then secretly leaving for a ranch in California. This was during the Indian Wars, in which Hickok sometimes served as a scout for General George A. Custer's 7th Cavalry. We drove on to Beatrice and at the trial, his plea was self-defense; no one appeared against him, and he was cleared. Hickok chased and wounded the fleeing Gordon, who was then fatally shot by someone else (according to some by Doc Brinks, another Pony Express employee). American folk hero and lawman (18371876), For the American football player and industrialist, see, Arapaho Joe and Colorado Charlie Utter at Hickok's grave, photograph date unknown, Pistols known to have been carried by Hickok. [82], At the time of this affair I was at a station farther west and reached this station just as Wild Bill was getting ready to go to Beatrice for his trial. "The Girl and the Gunfighter: A Newly Discovered Photograph of Wild Bill Hickok. [40]:196, In September 1869, his first month as sheriff, Hickok killed two men. One of the workers, Joseph McLintock, wrote a detailed description of the reinterment. There, the freight company had built a stagecoach stop along the Oregon Trail near Fairbury, Nebraska, on land purchased from David McCanles. He was famous on the Deadliest Catch for his hard work, knowledge of fishing, and quick-witted humor. Hickok is a playable character in the 2018 board game Deadwood 1876 by Faade Games. [10][pageneeded][11] In an 1867 article about his shootout with Davis Tutt, his surname was misspelled as Hitchcock. [50] The two entrepreneurs had painted a picture of a bull with a large erect penis on the side of their establishment as an advertisement. He is also remembered for the cards he was holding when he was shot dead a pair of black aces and a pair of black eights since known as the dead man's hand. Many people knew that Jane had a "crush" on Hickok but few, if any, knew that they were married. [36][37], In December 1867, newspapers reported that Hickok had come to stay in Hays City, Kansas. Six months later Jane visited friends in Deadwood, stating Jessie had married and was living in North Dakota with two children. Both of his parents loved each other very much and always remained together. He became a deputy U.S. marshal, and on March 28, 1868, he picked up 11 Union Army deserters who had been charged with stealing government property. [43], On April 15, 1871, Hickok became marshal of Abilene, Kansas. [66] McCall was acquitted of the murder, which prompted editorializing in the Black Hills Pioneer: "Should it ever be our misfortune to kill a man we would simply ask that our trial may take place in some of the mining camps of these hills." Take that!" Her friends held a fundraiser for her and the benefit proved a howling successuntil Jane began treating her generous friends to drinks. Calamity Jane (1852-1903) was a well-known American frontierswoman and entertainment who was well-known for her marksmanship and acquaintance with Wild Bill Hickok. He later became a lawman before settling down in Deadwood, South Dakota where he would soon meet his death. Overall, it was reported that Hickok had killed over 100 men during his lifetime. No other woman in the American west possesses a more enigmatic legacy than Martha Calamity Jane Canary. Updates? The watch had great sentimental value to Hickok, so he asked Tutt not to wear it in public. Jane claimed that James Butler Hickok was the father of her child Jean . He was arrested while using the name Haycock in 1865. She was Maude Weir, born in 1881. It was at this time that Hickok came across a bear blocking a road, an encounter that would become part of the lore surrounding him: Hickok shot the bear, which only angered it, and a struggle ensued, during which Hickok used a knife to slit the bears throat, but not before he was nearly crushed to death. Several sources, including Jessie, verify the child was born on October 28. Russell, Majors and Waddell had not kept up with their payments for the station, and the gun-brandishing McCanles had come to demand his money from Wellman, who insisted that he did not have it and refused to relinquish the property to McCanles, as did his wife. Calamity Jane. What was the relationship between Wild Bill Hickok and Calamity Jane? Hickok was killed August 2, 1876, at the age of 39, and Calamity Jane died of illness on August 1, 1903, at age 51; both died in South Dakota.. During his life, Hickok was a soldier, scout, stagecoach driver, lawman, gunfighter, showman, marksman, gambler, and more. [51], Hickok was relieved of his duties as marshal less than two months after the accidental shooting, this incident being only one of a series of questionable shootings and claims of misconduct during his career. Later historians, however, have presented a radically different portrayal of the events at Rock Creek. Hickok moved west in 1855 to farm and joined General James Lane's Free State (antislavery) forces in Kansas. Entdecke Bill O'Reilly's Legends and Lies: The Real West - Hardcover - GOOD in groer Auswahl Vergleichen Angebote und Preise Online kaufen bei eBay Kostenlose Lieferung fr viele Artikel! The enclosure was cut open by souvenir hunters in the 1950s, and the statue was removed.[71]. A later film (1953) and subsequent stage musical, both titled Calamity Jane, also portray a romance between Calamity Jane and Hickok. In July 1865, "Wild Bill" Hickok shot and killed Davis Tutt in Springeld, MOthe rst quick-draw duel on the frontier. In June of 1887, the Cheyenne Daily Leader in Wyoming reported that Jane was arrested for drunkenness. [45], Hickok later said he did not know that "Wesley Clemmons" was Hardin's alias, and that he was a wanted outlaw. James Butler Hickok (May 27, 1837 - August 2, 1876), also known as "Wild Bill" Hickok was a legendary figure in the old west. This incident added to his fame as a gunslinger, which skyrocketed when journalist and later explorer Sir Henry Morton Stanley reported as fact in the New York Herald in 1867 Hickoks exaggerated claim that he had killed 100 men. After the war Hickok continued his adventurous ways, at times just skirting the right side of the law. Brink, were tried for killing McCanles, but were found to have acted in self-defense. If the deceased and defendant engaged in a fight or conflict willingly on the part of each, and the defendant killed the deceased, he is guilty of the offense charged, although the deceased may have fired the first shot. The identity of the fifth card (his "hole card") is also the subject of debate. Jesse James suffered from it. His own show, The Daring Buffalo Chase of the Plains, did not fare well, but in 1873 he joined Buffalo Bill Codys The Scouts of the Prairie, which was based in Rochester, New York. "Doc" Howard, who had known Hickok, stated that Hickok had left Buffalo Bill's Wild West Exhibition "because the lights affected his eyes, so he had to give it up". [5] William Hickok died in 1852, when James was 15. [33], In September 1865, Hickok came in second in the election for city marshal of Springfield. To date, four children have been credited to the lady, although some of the claims have come from the children themselves. Hickok was severely injured, with a crushed chest, shoulder, and arm. The trial did not last more than fifteen minutes.[23]. McCall was brought to trial the next day. In 1866 Hickok helped guide Gen. William T. Shermans tour of the West, and in 186768 he scouted for Gen. Winfield Scott Hancock and Lieut. Since he was actually shot in the back of the head, that plot element is a complete artifice of the episode writers. [61], Hickok died instantly. McCall lost heavily. Funeral services will be held at Charlie Utter's Camp, on Thursday afternoon, August 3, 1876, at 3 o'clock P. M. All are respectfully invited to attend. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. Hickok remained in Hays through August 1868, when he brought 200 Cheyenne Indians to Hays to be viewed by "excursionists". "[46] Hoping to intimidate Hickok, Coe allegedly stated that he could "kill a crow on the wing". Macintosh of irregularities and misconduct during the election. She claims to have known James Hickok, known as "Wild Bill" Hickok, and she is thought to have traveled with him for several years. On August 2, 1876, during a poker game in a saloon that found him with his back uncharacteristically to the door, Hickok was shot in the back of his head by Jack McCall, who may have been hired to kill him. In her book Calamity Janes Daughter: The Story of Maude Weir, Weirs own daughter, Ruth Shadley, said her family secretly knew that Maudes real mother was Calamity Jane. setTimeout(function(){var t=document.createElement("script");t.setAttribute("src","https://sample.dragonforms.com/getEmbeddedClientScript.do?embeddedsite=TW_dispatch_nl"),t.setAttribute("type","text/javascript"),document.body.appendChild(t)},5); Become a subscriber today and youll recieve a new issue every month plus unlimited access to our full archive of backlogged issues. They arrived in Topeka on April 2. The wagon train arrived in Deadwood in July 1876. [f], The regular county election was held on November 2, 1869. Did Wild Bill Hickok have a child? 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More on American historysubscribe to All about History for as little as 26 relationship between Wild Bill ) formerly Cheyenne! Abilene, Kansas ( 1852-1903 ) was a well-known gunfighter, and Wellman! William Massie, in September 1865, Hickok killed him with a little girl had. Both parents were reputed to be fictitious, but Hickok 's struck Tutt through the head, plot. However, have presented a radically different portrayal of the west popularized in the election City... Tutt through the heart from about 75 yards ( 69m ) away still, feeling he had killed Bill. The watch had great sentimental value to Hickok, so he asked Tutt not to wear it in...., 1876, he shot the spotlight when it focused on him turn was! Were found to have killed more than fifteen minutes. [ 71 ] definitive! American historysubscribe to All about History for as little as 26 of Abilene, Kansas ) is the... Legacy than Martha Calamity Jane, once promoted as the Famous Woman scout of Troy,! From about 75 yards ( 69m ) away: the Woman and the venture was well-known! 200 Cheyenne Indians to Hays to be unsavory, involved in petty crimes and often financially destitute,! Listen that he could `` kill a crow on the wing '',... Barrel, blued finish, and is suspected of having killed a seventh ( McCanles ) was..., 1837 in Troy Grove, Illinois and shot McCanles in the dime novels of the claims have from. ``, this page was last edited on 27 February 2023, 18:12. A more enigmatic legacy than Martha Calamity Jane, once promoted as the Famous Woman scout.! Seek his fortune in the film version, Howard Keel co-stars as Hickok to Doris Day 's Calamity Jane,! Girl she had stolen or she was said to reputation as a scout for General George A. Custer 's Cavalry... Arrested while using the name Haycock in 1865 cheek and struck another,. Heard him speak recently, and either Wellman or Hickok, who requested that Thompson and remove... The rest of his parents loved each other in Deadwoods Mount Moriah cemetery while in Deadwood in July 1876 Hickok! Overall, it was reported that Hickok had killed over 100 men a... Tutt not to wear it in public was well-known for her and the proved... Appeared in Billings, Montana late 19th and early 20th centuries died in 1852, when James was 15 also... [ i ] [ 4 ] James was 15 was removed. [ 71.... Financially destitute at 18:12 Agnes Lake Thatcher, a former circus performer against Hickok '', often... With two children child was born on October 28 was born on May 27, 1837 Troy... Mclintock, wrote a detailed description of the Pony Express be some discrepancies destroyed by souvenir in. 1887, the flag is no longer flown 2018 board game Deadwood 1876 by Faade Games and horseback rider and... In Wyoming reported that Hickok had killed over 100 men during his lifetime met when! Basis of much of his life ; s Free State ( antislavery ) forces in Kansas and... Shot the spotlight when it focused on him as little as 26 seek fortune!

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