Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). [7] Theories around the nickname's basis include a reference to Hawkins' head shape, his frugality (saying "I haven't a bean") or due to his immense knowledge of chords.[8][9][10]. Coleman Hawkins, also affectionately known as "Bean" and/or "Hawk", was born November 21st, 1904 in St. Joseph, Missouri. What they were doing was far out to a lot of people, but it was just music to me.. There is record of Hawkins' parents' first child, a girl, being born in 1901 and dying at the age of two. By 1965, Hawkins was even showing the influence of John Coltrane in his explorative flights and seemed ageless. The Henderson band played primarily in New York's Roseland Ballroom, but also in Harlem's famous Savoy Ballroom, and made frequent junkets to New England and the Midwest. This tenor saxophonist, influenced by Coleman Hawkins, gained fame as a rambunctious soloist with the Duke Ellington Orchestra: a. Chu Berry b. Ben Webster c. Lester Young d. Charlie Parker e. Johnny Hodges ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Medium REF: p. 189 Although he was a great musician, his trumpet playing, which won him fans around the world, remains his most memorable performance. After engagements with the Henderson band, Hawk would regularly head uptown to the Harlem cabarets, where he would sit in on jam sessions and challenge other musicians, preferably other horn players. Hawkins mature style was inspired by Louis Armstrongs improvisational concepts. In 1945, a watershed year for the new music, he performed and recorded in California with modern trumpeter Howard McGhee. Harry Lim, a Javanese jazz lover who came to America in 1939, first produced jam sessions in Chicago and New York and then founded Keynote Records, a premier small jazz label. 23 Feb. 2023 . It wasnt long before Hawkins established himself as an exceptional talent, even among the exceptionally talented musicians already in the band. And then I was very well received.. In Europe, they were not only accepted but enthusiastically welcomed and almost treated like royalty by local jazz fans and aspiring musicians. On May 14, 1926 during "The Stampede," Hawkins created the first major tenor-sax solo on record, a statement that influenced many young musicians including trumpeter Roy Eldridge who memorized and duplicated the solo. As much as jazz was his medium, he remained passionately devoted to classical music, playing it at homemainly on the pianoand maintaining a formidable collection of classical music and opera. Given his love of Bach and Pablo Casals and his own unquenchable thirst for self-expression, it was inevitable that Hawkins would move towards solo performances. His mature style (both fast and slow) emerged in 1929, and Hawkins has been credited by some to have invented the Jazz ballad. He also toured with Jazz at the Philharmonic (JATP). Coleman Hawkins (nicknamed the "Hawk" or the "Bean") was born in 1904 in St.Joseph, Missouri. 23 Feb. 2023 . Dexter, to me, is one of the daddies. He was the first major saxophonist in the history of jazz. Encyclopedia.com. That year Down Beat voted him #1 on tenor saxophone, the first of many such honors. Coleman Hawkins artist pic. In a Mellow Tone (recorded 1958-62), reissued, Fantasy/OJC, 1988. Retrieved February 23, 2023 from Encyclopedia.com: https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/coleman-hawkins. When Hawkins died in 1969, he was remembered at his memorial service by virtually every important jazz musician of the time, as well as a throng of admirers who lined up on the streets outside to pay homage to the great American musician, the man known affectionately as Bean.. Rainbow Mist (recorded in 1944), Delmark, 1992. After his work in England, Hawkins traveled to Scandinavia and the Continent, where he received consistent praise and adulation from audiences and reviewers alike. While in Chicago he made some recordings for the Apollo label that have since been hailed, according to Chilton, as the first recordings of Bebop. In Down Beat in 1962, Hawkins explained his relationship to bebop and two of its pioneerssaxophonist Charlie Parker and trumpeter Dizzy Gillespie: Charlie Parker and Dizzy were getting started, but they needed help. Body and Soul (recorded 1939-56), Bluebird, 1986. The first full-length study is British critic Albert J. McCarthy's Coleman Hawkins (London: 1963). This article abides by terms of the Creative Commons CC-by-sa 3.0 License (CC-by-sa), which may be used and disseminated with proper attribution. Coleman Hawkins. Hawkins landed his first professional gig when he was overheard trying out a new mouthpiece by a musician, who then gave the precocious 12-year-old work in local dance bands. Encyclopedia.com. [11] Hawkins joined Fletcher Henderson's Orchestra, where he remained until 1934,[6] sometimes doubling on clarinet and bass saxophone. The Complete Coleman Hawkins: Vol. His working quartet in the 1960s consisted of the great pianist Tommy Flanagan, bassist Major Holley, and drummer Eddie Locke, but his finest recording of the decade was a collaboration with a small Duke Ellington unit in 1962. Hawkins' stature as an artist and innovator is apparent in his overall attitude toward his role as a jazz musician. But Hawkins also had the opportunity to play with first-class artists like Django Reinhardt and Stephane Grapelli, as well as scores of visiting American jazz players. [1], Fellow saxophonist Lester Young, known as the "President of the Tenor Saxophone," commented, in a 1959 interview with The Jazz Review: "As far as I'm concerned, I think Coleman Hawkins was the president, first, right? The nick-name "Bean" came about due to his knowledge of music. After Hours (1961) B&W, 27 min. Us United Superior us7707. Holidays most well-known songs are Strange Fruit, God Bless the Child, and Strange Fruit (Remix). In the November, 1946, issue of Metronome, he told jazz writer Leonard Feather, I thought I was playing alright at the time, too, but it sounds awful to me now. As John Chilton stated in his book The Song of the Hawk, He was well versed in the classics, as in popular tunes, but his destiny lay in granting form and beauty to the art of improvising jazz. Although Hawkins practiced piano and cello conscientiously, his mother insisted that he demonstrate even more effort and would entice him to play with small rewards. Hawkins, on the other hand, was continuing to work and record, and by the mid-50s, he was experiencing a renaissance. harmonic improvisation. Began playing professionally in local dance bands, 1916; performed with Maime Smith and the Jazz Hounds as Saxophone Boy and made recording debut, 1922-23; performed with Fletcher Henderson Band, 1923-34; performed and recorded in Europe, 1934-39; formed own band and recorded Body and Soul, 1939; led own big band at Daves Swingland, Chicago, 1944; returned to Europe for series of engagements, 1947; played on 52nd St., New York City, late 1940s-early 1950s; continued to record and perform, U.S. and Europe, late 1950s, 1960s. He was leader on what is considered the first ever bebop recording session with Dizzy Gillespie and Don Byas in 1944. Down Beat, January 12, 1955; October 31, 1957; February 1, 1962; November 21, 1974. I wasnt making a melody for the squares. Whether it was senility or frustration, Hawkins began to lose interest in life. His influence over the course of jazz history - and countless future saxophone greats - cannot be overstated. But the 40s were also the time when bebop emerged towards the end of World War II, ushering in a more serious, but also more tormented style that would lead to a partial divorce between jazz music and show business. He was one of the first jazz musicians to really make the saxophone a solo instrument, and his style influenced many other tenor players that came after him. New World Encyclopedia writers and editors rewrote and completed the Wikipedia article The next decade was both one of fulfillment and one of transition. The late pianist was a bebop pioneer in the 1940s, and he had a successful recording and touring career in both the United States and Europe in the 1960s. The styles from Lester Young and Coleman Hawkins were very different throughout the swing era. Desafinado (recorded in 1962), MCA/Impulse, 1990. Jazz trumpeter, vocalist In 1945, he recorded extensively with small groups with Best and either Robinson or Pettiford on bass, Sir Charles Thompson on piano, Allan Reuss on guitar, Howard McGhee on trumpet, and Vic Dickenson on trombone,[6] in sessions reflecting a highly individual style with an indifference toward the categories of "modern" and "traditional" jazz. Hawkins style was not directly influenced by Armstrong (their instruments were different and so were their temperaments), but Hawkins transformation, which matched that of the band as a whole, is certainly to be credited to Armstrong, his senior by several years. . He was named Coleman after his mother Cordelia's maiden name. https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/coleman-hawkins, "Coleman Hawkins . Occasionally, his playing was affected by a lack of stimulating competition. Besides listening to the alto saxophonists of the day, in his formative years Charlie Parker also was influenced by all of the following tenor saxophonists EXCEPT: a. Chu Berry c. Sonny Rollins b. Coleman Hawkins d. Lester Young ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: p. 212 Hodges!Alive! Dolphy's influence was partly due to his outstanding performance on alto saxophone, alto saxophone, flute (previously unusual in jazz), and bass clarinet. Throughout the 1930s and 1940s, she toured extensively, and her music was very popular. Waldstein, David "Hawkins, Coleman 19041969 In the Jazz Hounds, he coincided with Garvin Bushell, Everett Robbins, Bubber Miley and Herb Flemming. He was one of the first prominent jazz musicians on his instrument. One of the first prominent jazz musicians on his instrument, as Joachim E. Berendt explained: "there were some tenor players before him, but the instrument was not an acknowledged jazz horn". Coleman Hawkins excelled at. In a move very likely prompted by the imminence of war, Hawkins in 1939 returned to the United States, where He left the band to tour Europe for five years and then crowned his return to the United States in 1939 by recording the hit Body and Soul, an outpouring of irregular, double-timed melodies that became one of the most imitated of all jazz solos. Began playing professionally in local dance bands, 1916; performed with Maime Smith and the Jazz Hounds as "Saxophone Boy" and made recording debut, 1922-23; performed with Fletcher Henderson Band, 1923-34; performed and recorded in Europe, 1934-39; formed own band and recorded "Body and Soul," 1939; led own big band at Dave's Swingland, Chicago, 1944; returned to . In the 1950s, Hawkins performed with musicians such as Red Allen and Roy Eldridge, with whom he appeared at the 1957 Newport Jazz Festival and recorded Coleman Hawkins Encounters Ben Webster with fellow tenor saxophonist Ben Webster along with Oscar Peterson, Herb Ellis, Ray Brown, and Alvin Stoller. Education: Attended Washbum College. He left Henderson's band in 1934 and headed for Europe. His playing would eventually influence such greats as Stan Getz and Dexter Gordon on tenor as well as the . During the 1940s and 1950s, Louis Armstrong was a household name and one of the worlds most celebrated and revered musicians. He may have remained abroad longer, but the gathering of political storm clouds prompted his departureand triumphant return to the States. His style of playing was the primary influence on subsequent tenor saxophonists. Coleman Hawkins's most famous recordingthe 1939 ______was a pinnacle in jazz improvisation and a tremendous commercial success. In 1944 he went to Chicago to headline a big band at Daves Swingland. His bandmates included Coleman Hawkins, Benny Goodman, and Duke Ellington. When famed blues singer Maime Smith came to Kansas City, Missouri, she hired Coleman to augment her band, the Jazz Hounds. 1920s - 1960s. Awards: Numerous first-place honors in Esquire best tenor saxophone poll. . Lester Willis Young (August 27, 1909 - March 15, 1959), nicknamed "Pres" or "Prez", was an American jazz tenor saxophonist and occasional clarinetist.. Coming to prominence while a member of Count Basie's orchestra, Young was one of the most influential players on his instrument. Born November 21, 1904, in St. Joseph, MO; died May 19, 1969, in New York, NY; mother was a pianist and organist; wives names were Gertrude and Delores; children: Rene (a son), Colette, Mrs. Melvin Wright. Hawkins was one of the first jazz horn players with a full understanding of intricate chord progressions, and he influenced many of the great saxophonists of the swing era . Hawkins was born in 1904 in the small town of St. Joseph, Missouri. While never achieving Louis Armstrongs popular appeal, Hawkins acquired the status of an elder statesman among his peers. Coleman Randolph Hawkins (November 21, 1904 - May 19, 1969), nicknamed "Bean," or simply "Hawk," was the first important tenor saxophonist in jazz.Sometimes called the "father of the tenor sax," Hawkins is one of jazz's most influential and revered soloists. [6] Monk led a June 1957 session featuring Hawkins and John Coltrane, that yielded Monk's Music,[6] issued later that summer. During the mid to late 1930s, Hawkins toured Europe as a soloist, playing with Jack Hylton and other European bands that were far inferior to those he had known. Hawkins was born in 1904 in the small town of St. Joseph, Missouri. [4] In a seven-decade career, he has recorded over sixty albums as a leader. He appeared on a Chicago television show with Roy Eldridge early in 1969, and his last concert appearance was on April 20, 1969, at Chicago's North Park Hotel. Hawkins gave inspired performances for decades, managing to convey fire in his work long after his youth. World Encyclopedia. I hate to listen to it. [20] Outtakes from this session comprised half of the tracks on Thelonious Monk with John Coltrane, released on the Jazzland Records subsidiary of Riverside Records in 1961. He began to use long, rich, and smoothly connected notes that he frequently played independently of the beat as a result of developing a distinctive, full-bodied tone. He practically quit eating, increased his drinking, and quickly wasted away. Coleman Hawkins, in full Coleman Randolph Hawkins, (born November 21, 1904, St. Joseph, Mo., U.S.died May 19, 1969, New York, N.Y.), American jazz musician whose improvisational mastery of the tenor saxophone, which had previously been viewed as little more than a novelty, helped establish it as one of the most popular instruments in jazz. According to Rollins, Hawkins' "ballad mastery was part of how he changed the conception of the hot jazz player. He was influenced by Coleman Hawkins's style. April in Paris Featuring Body and Soul, Bluebird, 1992. As Chilton stated, [With Body and Soul] Coleman Hawkins achieved the apotheosis of his entire career, creating a solo that remains the most perfectly achieved and executed example of jazz tenor-sax playing ever recorded.. Among the countless saxophonists who have been influenced by Gordon is Jeff Coffin, . Hawkins is also known to have listened chiefly to classical music during his off time, which certainly contributed to the maturity of his style. Professional Debut at 12. He returned in 1939 and recorded his . With trumpeter Henry Red Allen: I Wish I Could Shimmy Like My Sister Kate (1933). Fats Navarro, Miles Davis, trombonist J.J. Johnson, and vibraphonist Milt Jackson were among his band members. Hawkins' democratic acceptance of the newer jazz idiom is admirable and somewhat surprising considering the difficulties he had in adapting his own sharply-defined style to it. Hawkins is perhaps overly identified with "Body and Soul." Hawkins' artistry singlehandedly altered its status. Duke Ellington Meets Coleman Hawkins (1962): Mood Indigo, Self-Portrait (of The Bean). Hawkins 1948 unaccompanied solo Picasso represents another landmark in his career and in jazz history. Jazz Bulletin Board", "Coleman Hawkins, Tenor Saxophonist, Is Dead", Discography of American Historical Recordings, Archived NYT Obituary for Coleman Hawkins, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Coleman_Hawkins&oldid=1136982571, Burials at Woodlawn Cemetery (Bronx, New York), Short description is different from Wikidata, Pages using infobox musical artist with associated acts, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, Tenor saxophone, bass saxophone, clarinet, This page was last edited on 2 February 2023, at 04:05. . Unfortunately, 1965 was Coleman Hawkins' last good year. When he was five years old, Hawkins began piano lessons and took up the cello, learning classical music, which would provide a foundation for his exploration into more modern music. Beyond that intent to reciprocate, together they produced genuinely great music. ." Coleman Hawkins, one of the most illustrious instrumental voices in the history of music, was a legendary interpreter. Coleman had previously attended a black-only school in Topeka, Kansas. Despite failing health, he continued to work regularly until a few weeks before his death. Began playing professionaly in local dance bands, 1916; performed with Maime Smith and the Jazz Hounds as Saxophone Boy and made recording debut, 1922-23; performed with Fletcher Henderson Band, 1923-34; performed and recorded in Europe, 1934-39; formed own band and recorded Body and Soul, 1939; led own big band at Daves Swingland, Chicago, 1944; returned to Europe for series of engagements, 1947; played on 52nd St., New York City, late 1940s-early 1950s; continued to record and perform, U.S. and Europe, late 1950s, 1960s. Coleman Hawkins was born in Saint Joseph, Missouri, in 1904. Came about due to his knowledge of music, they were doing far... Was far out to a lot of people, but it was senility or,. Even among the countless saxophonists who have been influenced by Gordon is Jeff Coffin, as a jazz musician Wish! 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Hawkins is perhaps overly identified with `` Body and Soul ( recorded in California modern! 2023 from Encyclopedia.com: https: //www.encyclopedia.com/history/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/coleman-hawkins ' `` ballad mastery was part of how changed... Big band at Daves Swingland, Self-Portrait ( of the first prominent jazz musicians on his instrument Armstrong a. Singer Maime Smith came to Kansas City, Missouri, in 1904 Down Beat January. Mastery was part of how he changed the conception of the Bean ) but enthusiastically welcomed and almost treated royalty... Is considered the first major saxophonist in the small town of St. Joseph Missouri! After his youth trombonist J.J. Johnson, and Strange Fruit, God Bless the Child and... His explorative flights and seemed ageless countless future saxophone greats - can be. Among his band members accepted but enthusiastically welcomed and almost treated like by! 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